University of Kwazulu-Natal

The Wall Street Journal 2025 12 15 Pdf Syria Bashar Al Assad Scribd

Bonisiwe Shabane
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the wall street journal 2025 12 15 pdf syria bashar al assad scribd

The proposed handover of Bashar al-Assad to Syria from Russia, where al-Assad was granted asylum,[1] has become a pressing issue following the fall of his regime in Syria in 2024.[2] The Syrian caretaker government,... Bashar al-Assad was the president of Syria from 2000 until his overthrow on 8 December 2024. His presidency was characterized by authoritarian rule and the suppression of political dissent. His government faced mounting criticism for corruption, human rights abuses, and the violent crackdown on the 2011 protests, which eventually led to the outbreak of the Syrian civil war.[4] The war involved numerous international actors, with countries like Russia and Iran supporting Assad's regime, while opposition groups received backing from Western and regional powers.[5] On 8 December 2024, after a series of offensives... Immediately following the fall of Damascus, advancing rebel forces dispatched scouting teams to locate and apprehend Assad, and announced a 10 million US$ reward for information leading to his capture.[7]

On 20 September 2025, while in exile in Moscow, Bashar al-Assad was hospitalized in critical condition. The Syrian Observatory for Human Rights has alleged he was poisoned in his home, though not specifying whether this was intentional or accidental. He was eventually discharged nine days later.[8] On 13 October 2025, Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov denied reports that Assad was poisoned, saying Russia granted asylum to Assad and his family for humanitarian reasons... The downfall of Bashar al-Assad’s regime in Syria has prompted major powers to reassess their geopolitical strategy. This article examines the immediate challenges and geopolitical implications of the collapse of the Assad regime, assessing the role of Syria’s interim leadership, the strategic interests of key regional and global powers, and pathways... It concludes by recommending that the international community, led by the United States, support Syria’s democratic transition through sustained aid efforts and multilateral collaboration.

The Syrian Civil War began in 2011 amid the Arab Spring with peaceful demonstrations against the authoritarian regime of Bashar al-Assad. The government responded with violent crackdowns, causing the conflict to escalate into a full-scale civil war. The conflict drew in major external players, transforming Syria into a battleground for proxy warfare. The Assad regime received support from Russia, Iran, and Hezbollah, while the opposition fragmented into various competing factions. Powers including the United States, Turkey, Saudi Arabia, and Qatar backed different rebel groups, further fueling the conflict. The conflict in Syria has lasted over a decade due to deep political and ethnoreligious divisions, combined with foreign interference and a lack of unified leadership.

Ethnic and sectarian splits—among Arabs, Kurds, Sunnis, Alawites, and others—fuel competing visions for Syria’s future. These divisions played a significant role in prolonging the war, making a lasting political solution elusive. On December 8, 2024, the Assad regime fell following a lightning ten-day offensive by rebel forces. The collapse of the fifty-year Assad dynasty has ushered in a period of political transition in Syria, reshaping not only domestic governance but the geopolitical calculus of key players involved in the proxy conflict. To achieve lasting peace, a multilateral approach is essential. This includes engaging regional powers, international stakeholders, and diverse Syrian communities to support an inclusive political process, ensure minority protections, and facilitate national reconciliation.

Such collaboration is crucial for stabilizing Syria and rebuilding its governance structures. The Wall Street Journal correspondents in Syria who saw reports of the Assad’s intelligence, revealed how the ousted Syrian regime’s vast intelligence apparatus struggled to understand what was happening on the ground and halt... The Wall Street Journal reported that a disturbing 5-page report reached the offices of military intelligence officers in Damascus days after the Syrian army was defeated in Aleppo in the north by opposition forces. These documents attribute that the elite forces sent to reinforce the city’s defenses were forced to withdraw as the army retreated in a mad manner and the soldiers fled hysterically, leaving behind weapons and... A trove of thousands of top-secret intelligence documents discovered by Wall Street Journal reporters in a building in December documents the remarkably rapid collapse of the authoritarian regime that ruled Syria with an iron... Assad’s regime tried through its official statements to downplay the gains of the opposition forces, but internal communications between the forces loyal to the regime reflected a state of growing panic.

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