Effective Communication In The Workplace Penn State Extension
Source: https://pixabay.com/vectors/social-media-connections-networking-3846597/ is in the Public Domain at Pixabay.com. Retrieved 07.05.2022. Effective workplace communication helps maintain the quality of working relationships and positively affects employees' well-being. This article discusses the benefits of practicing effective communication in the workplace and provides strategies for workers and organizational leaders to improve communication effectiveness. Effective workplace communication benefits employees' job satisfaction, organizational productivity, and customer service (Adu-Oppong & Agyin-Birikorang, 2014). We summarized Bosworth's (2016) and Adu-Oppong and Agyin-Birikorang's (2014) works below related to the benefits of practicing effective communication in the workplace.
Effective communication is a two-way process that requires both sender and receiver efforts. We summarized research works and guidelines for good communication in the workplace proposed by Cheney (2011), Keyton (2011), Tourish (2010), and Lunenburg (2010). Effective communication practices are essential for any successful team and organization. Organizational communication helps to disseminate important information to employees and builds relationships of trust and commitment. ���g�^�v� �V�����|D�]����U�4# v�A�L���4��G��l|\L�LTL��ԅc����=��b⠇Zz�)Md����>�;X�]zإϦ]8��cz8��s̴�>�pL����A�4#+4ӧ��Ќ�f�P�4ٌ��i�`�����4�����L�ձk" �8��Ԁ!S8��c��1� �0�1>Uʄc:��m�Ul�52�&z}6��a��${} ��0M��4��a�� 0MH7Q�[T�6S��.�=�����} ����xZ���xZ���xZ���xZ���xZ���xZ��Ecߠ����mb �� 5�P�v j2�!��!�� � �Z�C!���=<� ��Pm�C=z� *ꡢ *�^�h *ڄ�zx����hSVxh��*�C����<��I�م&���z��I{��¼Ea��F]�!.�m^O��lԢ'oГ�h��^mx��ՆW^-����lݏL����Ȍ�������d�Je�j���]S�rj���Ff�"3��RSi��t�S9u������ϥ�Q�.u��㴏���LC���淘�܆�F� g !�L�;%u�Q���RW��v��!�~�����s����cE2ely e���5���ꮞ��Q@"�D�xz��C<��g�x���f��tpO�x��@���'�:5����gҲ�{:���=�㙴� �x���x��C<��A<]$�i���:=���:��`� �NY�)�'G��M�D��i:���i��H���S��SdO�:"�=>��=���\*7��4�/H�/HM�L�U�����T�����ev�J��Ǭs$n.s�p��$>:�Vg=a��x��W�7 �� H��92t��D'ꨱ��8*4J$e��,�3�pǎ�.�P�'���R�H2\�E��:�4�"���p8a��Eŵ���A*J':i��j3-��Fi��.1pI��pI�ho��K�����%m�"�ą��K�B$�`�}P��D!�M�!����0�G��G��O��ԸG�\"���9C�g�Ue\� �2g��!\V�)��Fi��:i�^R �4pI �����R��TbZ��@'-t�@'-tb��:i�Ǵ�cL�Kj��:��.i�.i!�"i �4IOݥ��G��Q ��PH��m�9�n�x9�4�堓���Q��ÿ����2��u��ܿA�J��0�D�s�K=&qnp�s�K]��7 � ՙg�˺Qu���3��y6�ԫ��:V��0SU�g�K�����KǪ��<j<��:�ip�V�O��e8sb�j��j��j�^ ���-ј������dn ����)8*=5���JOM����SS驩��Tzj*=5���JOM����S/M��w�[�DfZ�+��8�������@` �R�i��l�a... h���>�vtK{4U��Q��IU��z�ZB�%]Ȑu!�D�Ro��������v,3cE�/��C�5���đR�Z�߷A�t�6�N_Aj_�Giԡ4�����S�Jw��Q�����e^d[�%�3G�-��Z�:�Z�C-4�u_�2u���t��T�Y�{z������ӧJ��r:t9#X�O5Q�t�0�`�>Uw�O/*:߉*Z�-�(�u����:̓՞%�� Ր�v��T�Yh>ˤ��)!�2�7�U�*�+�M�̂��aS}Cu�Z� C�^���Ͼ����%��k�����35�}I ����CհnE ;� Ԛ���17�F?�~̵��C�!�ؿ���K1��nz}$��~k$�ۦ�/��z@��ݢ�O�!H{Hқ�ni�VF�F 5h�eF �}�t_,}K�Ŧ\�.���MY��]l�ݤ�b�28��j�%kk�^CV�&�WO�\m��՛�+�3ׯ�2�jm�12w�Z]��w<� Ko��հ)C�����<] �rF�jؔ9.rƚU�M���Rk���,�����b��ʋ�Bg1[�Eg�y: [��a�Y���9��!$��0ZO�æ�U:6�Z��.t�5�K�Ò��tA�s���������XbO�vc�v�&�L�lf�Ֆ<�ao�'�8��8�o����Wtcn���U�m�'��(><���^�L�����\������"�5��l���3�M Xqߗ�BT �396�� Ֆ�js ��c�c�g���[5 m����YO'�j>N��j>�"�b�F��Gg��EK��,�]%�V�Ԇ�JOdm��m�we�kC|m���7SOe��2��6Ӿ6��qWww�2����2�4 1��b�R1h�t��&S����u��]����+�.�!B���w�)����Mu��Tm�^���b�X2O�Ŧ����_��� �KgE�s<��*�m�X2OOŦJ��%>�K<�Kv��ؔ�H7��G���!}�T͐:��Nl�cH6��X�&��x�T��o�������)��b�X�(v�'�L+ے?y�(6�I��bO��RQ��1��eJM�E�2F�2>��U��J|�73ի�T�m�z����B�Z�W&��(V|��Չ�"Q�� �f��m���Tٌ�f���iж���U��>k�X�,�ˈ^���S�q�)�ʏ�|j:.�����b�P{�.�J��i�Ţ��w��t��],u��,���bSuHr�>)l��TU��5j���T5�|��}�K\%u��^���T�qQA� Ҧ� f�Z��j�� �d/���L �2�L� o���~���EQ���<���3�� �bV���=E7���W^ax���<]l�,��e�?���( �M���?ƭ�~��BP��2�1�d�F�N����,L�sC6�{md$�x�$�̗�9'u-"R�����vf��i�ͪ��b�f�Q*�!�Q7�rWa�nid�J�A��������.2XK�VG�@�5�i���x*1ׯd����$GR��fe�dN����&PL6�2s�}������]K�E3e��Da�e���k�l�gm��Z"�%��,���VKl�+9�%�z�%�Z"�%�����g�'�i-Ӯ�M���8�2�j���f��6�KO����f��6UV�T*�D�|���,�h6��SYK���oU6�_���L��PV�)�a�~%k��)�I5y�Mu�:�iXW}�Z�G\Qmrl���`�@�*OH�uz��.�����¼�D&2/f��1�*�-�"�c�X̷>e>���k� w�nGhm��+�ƕp�^��2��� �ex/�{���^��2���dm�qV:C]ВI:V=�� ���%4� �*�+�#7S=�a�ѹǺcXw�~�R�L��U�J*g%9@��pw�=~j� �U+g�O��f��]?��톻�p����v����w��{�p�kK'� ��a^��MV�2��F���톻]�X��]'�U#����>7�P��Zw��s�:��m6TblV�q|� �Nq��a��o��p��ħ��A����:���3��υ���#Ǘ������9�����u��L���s����w�pa����Y4�]�]�u�}����� �o�}��~����ߗ�ݟ���G���K"�K}��...
?W0QULTz�z�s�c�r�U��Ό52�2c9��ҽ ��K�?K��LZ�I�=��)=�ԥ���.�IOud�Tgs;=Uz�PRy�T-J�E�����,�3)Ag�\�2�5�G/�ދ������쪤��mr�s����`���5>�q����%��j�% ��8��C��0l�̛�&�{���dRtL��b���,�C�~� B�UX�q?���+d'�8���(Z�tY?�d9��C�6|���j�e-�8]>}xO>}�D���U���T����vޣse�۟Ǒ�J��_�Oh�G��}!!�����S�xb|x�Ι��9�s\'?˅��e��F�U�d"�'���rJ��G�L�P�0sb�Q�f]�� ��e�R1-Ϊ�D��R�Y��,A�uN�Ѵ�ɿ�dD�����(�с +p`k�_ ��A}3�7g�eV�kjѕ�2����I���W�ʜ�'�f�Ō�_�y���)�Ѵ�:��I���g�QSl��ګ�"k�5[X&mot\~o���۟2c{�תr*���^�od鹜��`(Q[�<^UUHgwys��w��?U[L�*�h��<sn�f�h�MZ�{�'�re2S�4�Ɋ_��"�t�is>o���M�ҏ���#��>����WzSMo�����g��X��N�7U0�Uя���8���ej��Κ+�no�c�>�Ӎ���I��Ti�7����Y�%U����puc�2�k�F���r�ts��y1g��ٮTZ���1'�ۊO�qyI��n�w<���ʹ�����m�J����t>��U�h] MuC:CS9���*�%{�Z�%j�3����XՎ�������DE�:���?�ǒL�ڊ ��r.'����5U[OO����u��5�S�����%���������6������=3� ;��V�������.��=�D�JZg7�Z���2��:�����;���*�Q[s:����&��5��)��d�4 P7.�Q��t^�}�oF���>ݚ2��uf JM�k�nm�["������^�Z���&�8��0-���R�Z*WK�j�\-���r�T����R�Z*WK�j�\�^咚�0�NM�t{�Y*Ԝ�d�5�Sq:*�7[>ڬη[>t����u��T��j�QG��lM�pԎ��J���{15�5l����$CoJ��s�f{����7mo��Z\Sܸ�@�� ��O�"MJ��/�>m{�l�b���������w�g� �O�:>�g��<ݣkQ�th��7����:�I��iBM5h�m���:8�l�nt�8���0�ucI��K� ���z�T�#��ѱ��b�벶^�\�S�?/U�!ˬ��қ��%(�$PI�|�,8��q[���z�SO�Ya/������l�$g�$*ə��K���_~q-��d���\������g�Ϥ�\�qqe>#�=��9G �n����b� -�B������&�4kЛS�@�jr��d9��Q����S>�,˙Q�ϗ�v� nr�{s�8]��c u��LԹ+��u�$����T3��;R�3��#��9���h�{�tK�\g4����a� s�����:��@~���/��b3v���dK2ߩ��W�I���K*jO-]RK{j�\ء�]�y�&=�^c�s�)vFI���.M�ʒ����.��K����.��K���^�wPc��Z�� �jOEՌ�9���.�gS��h���ҞZ��U���e�d֭��u �ꨜG;O�?e�=�St�ν 5uh�u�+t��.�j��'���T����� ����~�]��Վ�W;�v\M��%������OS,fU�q����Wh�m|�u��w��|MU�����x�?���x���NQ�W���c��1ݡ��x�m�e*�5W���ͅ��ͅ�1.�4�K� v���+�9~�kל��{3����f�/�F[�{eL5�d��k�4���нو�aO�� ���5{d�����^'�{��֗����N��s�|#����|�芛d�����c�Z\_�^E�l�l�wJ| �~�̧��뗽Ogܨ�� �KO��]�6<� ϫz{�׆�S��c2����%�� ܁�P7�&��D؆S��9'�sA2gO2�@2��h �SS�Z��^�~$}�Łi�E�-��5���]6��iJz�Ϯ?�4 �R3N��8��4�-�� 8���@5j�e���j~s�E�4;k4�S��*S�-�&a��Aρ�O �r`Vhs�... ��<�x��d����6{�q�\��w�g>C���~9t�_T�R�f_�/��.'�\$2Z� ���� \�5��{�.pM,T&@��t_ꘪ'ܚ����~z�����]ܔ� ������4�Oӽ�\�f�[�O+�Jq��םO���t���=ů���m��G돡өҧ�I?�⧐_s����/�t�oNm�=#5g�u����ݝ�J�Ԏ]V%L��������>�z<���5T�=�@m��t,��=ڄ�d��ʏ�Iw�Gˏ����4��U�/���cet� �����uY>a9��� ݥ{�s����T���z���3 Gş�%y���wT��J�Q�;*}G�������wT��J�Q�;*}w�g�Np,[��T��@���� �����g���pzH�h�v,4o����R � 9����������GV��zB�K2<� {^9U1f��du��T_�}rB�wl?��S����Nxg��7�:�a#�=���xJ��T7e�7m�Ñ~���r~�&� GzӉi B�ү�p�w�>;*�h/�d^T4)������.�*ҝ;�Î��K��vTk�|DM���+��{.1�0�wT��x����<��d�����,���u�F�� ����{�{Tz/z�#8�3�Zwm��k�צ��dnFyj�*�98� ���W�[^���a(Y:��+�-{�Ʋ���a,70�G0�ˈ�� �� \eڠj�Q�DXʫ�'#�do��ư� ����Nrn:Wc:�����\z~��u�a{XǞ��9`��7�>��ulL�����x�:�6�PS6p�=l���W���=�fO�6��?Ճ�6��=la[�6��=�i��g�>����3�L�a��G���Lj +x+hU*�aX�9���z����\�Б�;P�k��d�O+��p�������1`8?!Yq������b�CI;���n�{8�L���A�����o��gA��������a�6T� �_VV�o�׃�7T�Vހ�7`� \�|������)== ����� �Y��t ���j�MHCP��L��AA+PP4~�hPPc��z�����#�O�5e��t ��g�s�� �3��G�6= �0l�60l= [:j@GG���VmN������ ��ԗ6A�APs�5A�APs�5A�APs�5?PG�����%��5LZ��ä�0i=LZ�l��I�a�z��&�g�����2�l`�z����g�փ#mn��*{��E�}i�[������ د3�3�~�A�������'n,���ƠA�t���oL8����K�dK���Z���k�_x��T\>����VQ��� 6�V>����,cLK������+����T�I9P|���.�4P���H�y���L���!2 ĕ�+U���8U��Sjݤ_d��<�������3�NyJߺ�S��x��Ύ�������#=sdgx&H��5A:GF��OB&m͒� RgG����}h])M�Z��1��T+ K�A... � �=ͪ�����d ��������ЉЩ��P/����n�BwB��ƀOCρS�W�צ�?`�^`�Y,1K�r�Ҭ1�18�Q3anR�[�N��]�{M�c�!s�~�|1|%<$�M8<�|> ?�O�bx6"D��W"y�����Ց���H5�."�H$��a$����ى��D�FG�g6r"r*r6��������ȝ�=s8� �8F�4�~d*�*��e�s���E�%��i,o��4��� 0ژnj��l�Ѹ�qo���C�;�G��4�l<���c��/4^n��xx��q�67>lg|2�D�d��ƙ(�Ds����hqtUtM���'�U��hCT��,_�a2�m7���m���n`w��'� <�".�1z&�5z>z1z%:�v�P�>�Qt4�=�$�,�":�e�$��)�)��iE�ʦ�Me����Mu@��h�0��)�i3��M[��7��6�i�<�t��݃�Wm:�t���5�7]j��z���M7��heM��4=f}M�X��&�8MSM�������1W,'�j�m� V+1�c��r`e�&U������1���h,�d�!�%�i�v�v�������ŎD_Ď�NF_�'v:v.vA��?v9v-v��݊����g�f�Fb㱉���d�e`/kgb3�\�'8Мۜ�\�Z����U�kBۛ+����� �z��kN6�7w4ok�j����|������xs_����}��W��q�m\3�|��Q�h��g�/���g�B<;�____/���W���r܈G�������������N�Z|O|��2~P���G�'���O������W���7�w�����c���̢�O�_�_��ZrZ�--E-%-�-�-�-5-�-�&��hK¸ײ�eKKgˎ�]-{[��j9�r��d��s-Z.�\k��r˲i��-w[�-;��!�RZFZ�}--�-/[f\�M�+Q�W�I&���zibM�"Q��M4$%��v�Ht$�)�]�݉n�rKH�4�L�&�����8�8��U�|5q%1L�V��P�>�QbT��x�x�^Զ&^he��ĬV�*�f��y��僭+ZW��n-k]�Z�Z�*���ָU��kZ7�nV�֭�۵�֝�{Z��l=�z��D�)�F�����K�W[���d���N����a��>f�jk}���u�7����u��H�$���d��Q�$Y ,OV&kZ ��I5�I�QXѰ����䖔��3�#�+�7��i����C��H�H�m &O&O'�%/$/'�%/0�8y#y+yײ��Nؖ009�|�Q���� �d�e�&g*�6��Ӗ�,ն��¶�Umk�*����V�V;o�������6�д�-֖�- �46�����vi۶�����X[7ၶm����8lKm} #���o���Z�_�sۛ�1nCHb�GB���bc�1g�6�}�{��F��Ir$�q$4I���qi�$I��I���qI�������ٛI}����~��~>���x>Ϻ=�Y�z>{-���|I����k ��זo1]*�^�+���� ���C+ˏ��4��ϔ�/�d�,�B�%������ɒi�n�m�g`lɳ��b�X��,.���TZ�[&Z�X�[f[�[[�ZVX�X�[6Y�ZvXv��������`D���}��\ ���іz�bmjM��[;X;�jk�j�1ܥ{��9�>���,k�5�p�5�����Zb�a��d�^��`�5h�����V �d�Jk�uF��\�5��E�^�u�_֕#ӭk�G��n�n��h�ugr��������i�9�E�i�[ [[[G[����iGt�����n�oTtƖk+���l��ⲅmcl�ll�m�l3m�l mKl�m�m5�Z��v�.[�m������ �p�y�%�d7�S �K�����Q��m�� ,�����#��ӎs��N64ש -v�8[8�:;:3�ݜ=�}�������6g���Y�t8�ΰs�s�s�s�s�s�s�s�s�s�s���Y�������s�wr��s�t�q�w^rI��.�+��jXW;W�aqW�*WwWoW?���!AW���evY\.��uU:��ƻD�횒��5�5�5ߵصԵµƵɵU��];\�]{]\�]�]�\g]\�n��ԝ�Nwwpwvwu�p�qg���9�|w���ms7՟@��=y���w��)�q�Xw�{�{��{�{��]���ݴֻ� [�^�^�������������>�>��0��'ܧ���=̣��Y�E����x�Ϙ��\�7 �=�y�&k���Q��Yɓ�������ۓ��7����3ȓ���)�3z�=e��� {�x�y&x&{�yf����y��êެ�2o�7G`����yK��|�x��K���u�e���������� �\_���`�������3���)�8N��d�4�L� ���%��վA�_�o�o�o��η�w�w�w�w�w�����F_z�#,<�Ou�����w�g���{��������~���w���h�|������~�VB�b�O&���K�+�k�����[�;l)����������S��� ���hj�H � ���J>3��'����/�( �lO... ��maO8h����lW�',O �� /W���W�׆7�7���w�������G�'§����#,�ER"-|�#m##�n�������ACEr#��HY��F1�S�q� �ɑi��C��y���D�GVGj"�[dKd��]�}����ȡb[�X�d�L�|�RT����V�3�v��h�hfQM�{�w�_t@tp4/Z5G-QW��F+��][��D!9%:������EG��T�+�k�;]�����l�=====���)����Xz�C�s�k�G�OQ�XV,۲4�ˏ�Jb����'��cccU�I���������2�¢c�V�������ͱm���=�}C:�Ǝ�N��6���;Lq:��;�gq-�oo�ψw���������� �w1G'ċ�eqG�����{|\|��G��m{|rA����L_n|^|a|�oP|������t_8^�M��Ʒķ�w��������'�g���FK���SG��nt�љ���$ֆ���2ƿ���/���$�4I�4�D�NJa�IiRsv��ZJgͤvR{�\�,ua-����Xki�����s塬�Z��d��*��A}_}�uL��z�M���9�S��%� ����Yy��T6�Yj���f}��g��a_�,�5cMXsV̮cf�b#��=�,�/l��f���� ���dGyS�)O�׳ތ�朷�]��ަ���2��x�O���T>����|7�u�C^.��W�J��P��L�)S��x�2K��'*O+��ǔ��de���?��W^�ӕ7�7�L��]>�����*u���i�r�?�W��*�(��j�{��<���/Uۨm�K���/ךi=�^��������﵁�`������m�V )Z�6JҴR�+�j!-*u��Z��I{T�*ݦ���Kwi �e�=���)O[�������'ҟ���~i�v@;"�юkǥ����I�J�V;'=���.J�i��zi ��Q�j� M�' ��J� 7:I�:zH/z��5�|Ã���"锡�P-��^��7�7�.�4����ư������a��Ѱ��i8l8*�1|e�V�g8g��!ư�\���&>��f� T�c�M�n|GzӾ9+��E�a��3g���9��ng�E����1�����ǚ�̓�S{��3�s� ���e��wԙ7͛�jw����w������Qw�6������ҿg�7�& �N��ĺ_�a�+�+�K��U���5&KoHo0_�Ԥ��Q�H�H̋����)�ѐ"�S���_J_�T����#�H߈9B�bm!s��V���Z˪��t�����.���r[�Nn/w`��rWv��K��:������<@�n��偬3�0�H�:�kv�h oq����Uᷡ��'� � �oB�)��A�ۯA�?���*����]���u����U$��ʯE�K��h,�_��~3��~)�߉�|D��b G ��54�NڊKfĥ�Lv+SYwq���2�wM�ئl���c����a�Je��Ռ��2��ģ�(�� ے��Պ��*Yk��ڰG�u���Nx�Y�={Z\7�;�ًl���"��� ���>a�qe�7�u {�m��)����c�c��g��B\��Qq�ƾWv�}'�~������u�����M���� ���X�۱�#����w�]ؽ�#ve���sl���e,�[����]�ņq/��|�%l8�0+�1c#�|,+��I�Hx�)�D��'Y)�Og�|&�ɬ|_�lndv^�k��o�o1���e^�����| �~C� DY�7�Y�Xi�dq��ql�q�q<��8�8�U''��O�`c���s�eƗ�CƗ�/���؞�'��Ko-��/���4��)=�:�ԙ�כSSS�)����������ǔe�6��ME�*1�LS�7�5U�&���f����M�L+MkMM�M�L;M{L�LMGL'L��u�t��̚9������ќa�f�i��꒹�y�9�\`.t��a��Âcg�`�l�f�)�y��%�����s���żݼ�\g�/�C�c���%5��/��R� ˕���kv>\\�`�i�������V��ְ�tX{[X{;X{{X{X{GX�M��N��ΰ�.�� X�-��LX����߱]����=l�;l�l�v�|O�|/����;��K�/W�����g�yGa��x'v�}�����la�V6�۹� ��� ; ;;�v����G�P����<��0��p>���}���ub^l��HX{����!��|7��F�5>�J���jVj|��*�{3mb�4������"l�%�_��H� �x�&�4E���S��Eq�WɌ-���v0�Iě[���Z�e�+����+�d�欄���H���"��w9L)��H�����"ROS_$}DOD�|7�j�_����`��T�tu����jy5ѿ��� �������... n��v"�� x(����/�jDDP<����Hy�3��'����̤�k}����H�mwS�/��o@����x i�aW��i�, ����S�>}Zt��wY���u�^���� �2�~�-ܐ7b�?f�?�AW�5V�.�b8���Z(Q(w�)�8�/�t&���MK��o �� ��V�hU�=�`>7�{������h�)ڮD�q���qn�އ� ���i��6��W/%���Ig�֒�+��z;��աR����[�$��(gx�#�r�"�7Ī�������B�4&1�9�+9����w$tGB���D� s��ג�~ �\rŋ�G�T�nv��=�,#C�� m�&+�k��D(��K[NsM8�թ*Ѽ]9�#����Ǚs�I#{,%�ދ����_SOX��)gj�CsTk�f��g�Vj�kN�,��{�b΅��fp*����=r^���̆g �����Ʊ*�����y���n�Λ9;�����@��f ��.H���%s� ���C&߅s�L,�+�O��;� T��Bm�,�����I��6'�0���5)T������� ���4�>��$��F۽Pf���$+�C6Ψ�:��J�i��4�`��«�/1�0 ���z��T={����ga�r���:���l e6>��#�B�)��t��E�'z�uq�m�VQ�۪J�X��q�b�Oq{�Q�����R�MX5<�x�?�U��{](��l�25��P> ��cH����W'���}zfg57_f��G×��+n��9��}��>��0�o�s{NI ֥&��CϚ�ه�Wc��B� ��;t��S��c]na���'�i1�+4M=���)�/��{2,پ=4��a��XO��r�3s�8��r���5������r$�nGWa�3J(� RF��7B��i#��,q4�؉���(ݡ��2�]P^�r#���q}�-��6#�l�7�'�ޠ������J�nMX_s/��-�O³�����=n;/����-�����w+�gs�y�/����/�=�^G��1(@iS�U�;�����d�ީ��̹h��E�������S�]��&?�w��-�aN��ۘ��h�9�C������r/}1���r{���t��٬���+���Ϲ���n�g�F��=��.x�� �fO>'�?�3V\��q6)*�����{h�*���� �>��E�����[�Ɯ�VB�z� w�zg~/�1x�b��1����������J�u�����&��]Iۋ�Y���?�f�.�]՛�r�3�"$��YR�ޫ긡7K�P6@y�dD(w�R�b��z2��9đғ�P��>�8��w����5"������8��N����<�>O�7��=�q���um����(�(����@��7�yG�m�7��ҷY٫�Y������@z-�o�V���W*9�V�����I`9[x��$/�r��R?B��h:xK8; �)�~�uyV��B�e���p�_ ����d��Ż�A�)�/��]�}�[���^��蹕~�<��{��Ȃ��33�w"�Cg\�S�C�!�;����[���'���1�̛�n�Y��n%3iI�1 ���w��x�� ^W)��\�مC�b��S���k-�r����`/tCfo诂��!�qj@����Y��Ep��Ǒ3��#��Zp���T�]��G�T�d�9(���y�͗��J�ޝ���s[��s���3�whm�Ч�z��'�#~L�ܻ?=9GmJ1��;(����.2�^��vŲ�| o<����;���[�ݐz��k/s��$&�����k6k-�0������kj?��=�Wk+��9���i "��ۇ����J�'}���-�Cgތ��x�RN�5�s�γ�Lk�4Y��Չ��s�)A�|�y�OkcE����� �O�de�Ai͉�}g~��e���\�:��F�Y�L��Ts3kړ��f�=����P[�0��d=o����7����fչZk{;��^Ȫ�G�uZ5�PJ7F]�<��gA9 �4�Ъ.�}����1n�X�km6�B��ff:� ސ���k�\�)R�z�����R"��@��������n��E�����W��C��l��˅���z�o�A�g�0�m��P�h�̹��͍��z��f�n;o��<���;u�B#���rS�=���9�/7���s��p��... ��)� ���� D�(g��|?�3R�ZE}1d�\ k'��� r���S�zt�5fy�6�v+�oRD���s̆�ų5��"�j�������9b�h�f{s�i�9X;�t��S��ku��T�kI�)`lױRR娅�F]$bSJ�.�~Ձc=}-�u�xĹ�[@X�z6�r+� S����0�CO'�w/Gmt���s����d�F��c��w�*k��xkU/D��=1��`�G1�0*�)�Y�ܖ.�M\��L�3��W�!S�h`E�\aNWп��y��h�I|��s둖6w/Eȗ�+����^�RR_��9r;��^�� �itjҋ0X *��r�����J������ �#�h*b���9:!�n��o`۽�)��n<�C�h~�0Y�� ����F�5�[��� ���k�a�^��o!�Rԉv�'��H|�C; �i{��1q� 7V�w���u;�m锨��� x�?�b�RѦ�a�#�Q��_��K�a?��:Mį.���N��D��.y���;!��#т=�KDz��{x���B ����X�$�0�$G��v9��3*�%7�������e�{����̾��W��� ��В|�^�y��.m%;�d����:8�$�dە ��[W��J&]ɞ+s]�\ĩ/�S`ƕ��� W��J\�}�ނ�Q2�J�[�n+ym]F[�JF[�D X�$�d��%���@��I6V���u .L�_2;J�T�/+�huԛd��H~V�E'Yc���2�"��V2����&9�<����>0�i��Y�)�^%ϫdx�ܮ��U���L�`�쭒�Ջ�I�VOP2��N2�J�Uɮ*�Q%��˥ v:��%�5���I� �Һ��*�P%C��C�짒�T2�J�`�9*�N%˩�7�̦.�)1%/�d$�\���T�J�Q�9�} ��<����Q� �r�J�j�lz` ������)ļW�߈��g�7�]�:����"��Wz)��)��� �M���7b\ � ��u�S����o4qY�d��~�Q����^�� ��ҟ�#�D���z�O��g$��ȫ�+�N�Ƶ��m�~Zo�x�S.�gf�>^ )��H�O� �+�b^!*�_D�l]'��eo�\/B���x�f|�7�_��ȸ�ë,{�ށ��� �?�����+�3�h|��ZdJ4�"4_B�)d'�*�*�b� n��,��ϴ��o���$�&�]�t�eC����B�6�s�C������9c;Qc�-�+CJ���X���4;�|9� ��7|_2��������/�+!"l̻�q���<�s�GD�{o`l�����-�I���7\X�ȕ}�m�}�q��I�\��2�)��8c��...
P�[ ��аi �#v�U���RF�؛�q��b_T�gyr_��J5 _hxV���]V��N7���C������"i m�S��a�Y�ĩ�&-S����m;��&�LjJ�d�N�c�����_ Ƚ�<ȷ�of䨂}]�;*�. �4P䙵<�è���x��4��9��� �H�i�G��L��#��^������]�s�k =W���ss㿆=(�����4ģ˱�:lF�h�4@�'�5E_;<�\ɑ#���ؘ%m�8[�,�N!-YK��~c�+s_ #^ �f�1�,�C=��ۧ~�C��q"Cx}�� ��e1��8�:�qJ��fԌ-˅3P�цMڽ��Fk���6ZӁ:���70�9��G�r��a6B�8���l ��Fl�� ����VC�c�T�(E]O��{�WS���o�Ԍ�u�xee�����n�H�n��ͧ�n�ߘO=�V�����O�o��-_�Ux�q�[ Y<��Q/��c���_UM�yd��ʹ�{�!:Ng�g2�E�3]D���gU�d��� � z�痗�w�M����}�>�E~^�]A�TA7�u;�f��bR���y�\O[h'���;Ag�g.�ۥ<�\L��f��{�!z�4�E����e��~ϣ�_�cq��g�)��ӏ��zӏy���~���f�r�7�V^�5�lw�ι��A?��ܿ���VGS�a^�yxtz�^�W�M����y|���|����JjK}�f�i���jϗ^���u ��6M�Q��K�7q�d�i�Jy�8P��� Q!�B�q=i=���A��^]>�����|�;>�C�y�p����7�H^-N�Z^E>A>*��Y��_����=^�|J_��HWQ��A4�&���jV��L��y-ܝ��F������BN3�z�^W��Qr;���t��̘�� yUۉL���G��.����Gy�L=y.x�����^�}H����V6a��I�W���\`[`���}ؐ�o�X �N��.�2�Vop=p p'p�0��@S� �}�/X��]���Q���z�^��i�I4����I~`:0�l;|��'�-``g`7``o`?�`pĈ�C�%U'k����K�ˁ���[��8#C����G�'���u{�i�9�-0Y��,`.�X�T�1�:�=�3�;��888 8X��ьO�N����W�k��9� �� �l����w�>6E��X�����`{`'`W`9��w�k����O��x ՞�7x�Бg�N����+�.�J�ʫ�n�:ߠ*�uA�!�?��d��!� ���'j�0 ��$���o`��D�S�]��̯��pWj�:^����� 0�{c��Ƃ��eߠ��������k�ߣ8]���:���������ڕU|m���Q��-���������Ѫ�2�~���� 6$�w&�?�o�'��'��&�w%������Ǘ��.�~��x��� �V ����_z(�~�2�U^]��w �݂;:�`Y� ���Zם�� \w�� ���u��ҽ��sqy��R_~&������&Xa�M���V$�W����H��J�O��H�ώ�_��/����|[�k(��B�]�w�,�-p�B_���ԇ�S��3�ji&ͥ����S��M��v�>:D�����������my��]⺫\w���p�F�=�����+=Z�n��vv��[�#\w��Ns���[��\w���u]ךz��nO7��n�=#��5�zM���^��s�k���9�����+V&�7��o��X�ek��D3?���3�gs�������Ki M�9���P=��Yg#�;;y�9�s�I��[���.�=���An���y�k�nw��㺃\w���4ȵ�A�]w��npݝ�{�u�Hw�[��3\����Z���k��7��R���E���u]۬rm�ʵͪ�um�j��>� ����*�TUn�V�p�&�Iq]�F�����!�[��4��wݱ��� ^Ƕ��Y{~��Nԏ�p�v�qS�$�r]�����ԇ����C]w��Nq݄�h��f�3... =���ǡ������Gۣ��=� }�'�'�����$���ϞlO���k�k0�����"o �xK`���%�o����Fb8q��!%�q�ljC�$�q�Q�!F�Cb,q�q�!�$1�8�S�!&��Hbq���CS��/ԗ�+uG�ՠ���2{���^i����W�k��:{����ho��sV:��o���g���Y�lp6:�9����g�����p:�����s�9�pN:�����s�9�\p.:�����G�s۹��u�e.w�k�ҍ���nԵ]�u�7��ƍuӺ���n7�����fq�����݂na��[�-�q˹�� nE��[٭�Vu����Fnc����m�6w[� nK/�W�+����E�b^q��W�+���2^Y��Wޫ�U�*y��*^U��Wݫ���jy��:^]��W�k�5�y��&^S����k�%x-�V^k����K��y��^G������u��yݽ^O����������~�Q�w�;��Ny��3�Y�w�]�.���G� �D t,]�����{t��}Q��.����(��>�Qt��Ab��$��48!^��I⡧(ҝ�Hw�"�Y�t���b!���p1�,�Y��,-];N/�4������6]�9��n� � ��b������>f�⹝�S�Wv�8u��j�(]/^���{� �1\�(�8�0�i� ~:F�e��X�&�O��ҧ`�A ��,��߳�)�쮏eN7��ۺ�E��=.)�SH��f�ݜX�rsc��̓eZ�d��iѴ�h:G�cՠ��3 Ls��Xz&�k�К��&�k�К��������bv���i�x�6� ������Mx���1� zP�^<�_���3q��Q�����(}?N�9R�߉�A4����4��S�`5TM��֦U[S�k��� ���0��3%zzH�Lxh�|���?G̙+�G�#��c�~D����?DΆ���IJv�&�T��Rr�̤;f%s(/������� [l��u�_y�?�V����m�u�vn{������vv��]�nnw�������v��}�$�����t=4"ozxL6�M ��"��?�f�ƴ5��Оk�q:�C#uV���ݜnn7��1۴7(n�����Ɵc��b��n��T �c�����2��b���A,k� 7�"��:�P��b��$���@)���Ci6����l{j���m�Ⱦ��ߕ��` �GÓ|,&���e��_�o� �~_�"5|@31�t���DQX!���������{�3���%�V�eY��-�5�bق�-�=�b9"/E^c9#oD�fy#�D�g#3#���9�e�ddEd+����#G"GX����I�=r:r����W��*�4�lU�=����,Y�U�ٷz����!z8[�Տ���(=�m�c�X�}0�mѓ�$�U?��a?�z*ۦ��ϳ�z���v��z:۩��o�]�]�.ۭg�9l�^����������=������Q�S{1;i/���+�^�(�Ѿ�HvÉw*s��u��� F������O��{G0W���h�ӌ��gX��j�}/��د�6<� O�3�<�������?�����O������������)����2��)k��҅#��X4�QhN�ςF�-s�4��qfE#̚Ɩ�4�lӨ�C��.�'{�T�u0�71�٤1i ��3q���5y!��g�AS�����)No���H�,\�r>f:�Hߒ�o��� .}$j=t�q2��+��d~Y@��daYD��dqYB���di/�Ȳ��,/+Ȋ���v��l�����l�����;̎���;�N���;�ΰ��;�.X²�5q]�*~7�MqK�w����BU,N#0������2�" .��)�`�xQ\4�Zsߊ��P���v�.Z��C[HĜ7�K �qI�q���0 ���0��X\2���L�ghU�5� +�ƲA6����f��@��9i�U.�8�Y?��h&k6����l4��i2� �ٳl*`/��z��P=�WP��`+�([��Aq��J�8\)� ��Y��h\G��|o�pu8F���ʋ����x̂k�����m7�ͱm�歱m��=�m'�$P���V��6{8��"�ؗ������d�tNv'dp�8�! F�Ր��F� b��w �bD��1����@%ٍ}F� ��dw���K�=u�@��A����$�N"�^mp:j\�dT%i�b�D�����f��!��K�{���>����L��,��l�߇d���~s���{N�=លp�#���y �G�|�P�/ ����1�?꽺$�0_ǓL��Iv�5Hv�5IvҵHvֵIv�uHv�uIv��Hv��I�� H�ԍI��MI��-I�mIN���Xu$�Ճ�:ݓ�z�+��Yo�Q݇����K"9Q}��ث�[ЫuП:� ��V��+� ��t����R`K]9���XQW �����G}+I7 z�n�B�<腺E� uB� u+�w��6A/ԉd�vd��d�d��d�Nd��d�.d��d{�N�1}�F�x?��?C��/�A4�͚�`)��u�e���'ϑ!8��x,�O���ӫ��^�O�� 1���E�(Nq�>��Ŵa�[B�ԥti��貺�.�+芺����誺���k�Z������z��n��F��n���f��n�tK�J��mt[֒�fmY֊��g`��n�u>�����W�t1G|.���2��)s��~u��_S1��N��t{�Awԝtg�Ew��t7�]��=u/�[��}uf������}�>l��ڷ�;�]����X��+a^P��7 LC��4� ��S�)�w*8�JNe�{g�������lwv8;�]�O���/�5���sù��ps�qn^7�[�-�q��%�Rn�[֭��rk�uܺn=����m�ύ~�&��ifZ�V��_ٯ�W5M'�� YL>��� �Y c�������0(�G��P������(IY�.RN|&>��2F� �E��P-�2�j��v��m�PK{�j���s�։8�:qNAH �y�Pg�sF9�\ &��1#}�2��)#}�2�)#�F�K���L�+���J�k���N���Nwa.��;3ʙ�.������s=j�����I��,w�f6� �f�pLM8f&�H�¤y|�^x#�I���8H���aM0x|���0����@"���1S� z`���1�cV�l��>�5f'��=1{ s(�ns6�,���s bc��\��17bn@::�����?8J��M{�h������K�9�_!8�������������D!��V���{��G�X�n.�zo �����:���KX;���oK���CsQ��x`�,�[M������s�=�Bd9D��۳ |��E.�0����A�3�R����ygz7��[����=PC�����/�n���l��3�y�ʧ��,'�s����|��Y��5#�����m��{p�?3K����b}C N��ݻ�s�s�?���G���T�t�9�z�1e��{��u����Z��z�;ty�����:y��� �3�����B��[���w&a����'?����G�O���/�Ÿ|._��K�0i>�/��� |L���W���|l _��� ��51e�_������0]�-��/�... 7��d)�B~f)�LX��pV k �����M���l� v:{;� ������q�8>�h�2�N�9�]N�WDK�F�_$Vd��^��"D^�J��^l�h����WD�D{�d� �Ŧ�%��;"v]�I�#W�Kq�qC� �Y����64zR7w�O�*~ ���J�$���dH�H������Ԑ������\!�[�d��+) )m��_�%бGG�V�dФ����������"�� r �% ��2��@.3H�" E r� W�H1�b� �*�� r �5 ��:��@�3H � % R �H)��)R� 7��r�A~�;���H9�r� �&�� R�H��r �-�R ��An� �6�T�R� w��r�A�� �.��r�=�R ��A���>�<��y�!�� R�H ���R�... }�{b����M8&⏷��#��C!/��oW�=���nr���s��wtB�4 ���/~D�B/��Tr���.���{����:x��4���Æ� ��2h@��D�*!>.6&:*2"��Rr֣�J��L�T���Le!g�H��EЌ3fBB���[��YI�eY[ޘU����8�3�zy|���tD��4��a��O��dΨ��_��e�Sf *X��,m�u⤂�̀����8+��)���au��U ���J2�R*�3��r�%�@�V�:�(K�3 ���P���r3�>s�|�b��K����Y�N�66.�͓ ���XX�}`[&|dQ�H����ǡ4���+yEr�%�U6���,�S4��:(G(�g���7Z!�>d���f7� �gq�����e�6�_�'4��o��p~�K��Zn6Ƕ��� '箄�V�hu��ν�Y"h��a�tjR�D�RЧ@�.�a*$��Z�#b�:d5* |��U�Pr�W#@y�Bw��Α�+��@ qr+ְ�����Zcb��f�����h~@|\m+��4)8|��`"�V[8X�� xy��1c]8����8`hT��V�H(9�Y�5Y(Y�Yr�y�#y��^VYĭ?W��GV�`+���b��<;O�=iZ��Xd�mv~���<�V���zd���bXZ�A9�Ve!S�d�㟄uI�T�QI9�iU��a�<$���Z�KB+����]M�����!����sjdQaQ��?��Qޭ '��%Y:�EC��M+ح������m a2�F��aY�n�N�enq�'� �`�ncd�(`7.� i��2h^�J��d�<�V��SP�xh�wO�d"�`"�H���L�(���QmS�2 ۚ�Gܶ�h|�iO�'F��E y͐���o����{kdR�Ҵ���V�]�y�^��`c��ҸظD4��ӡ��L�Jμ:����aPS+ٯI�6�6m�6�I�J�MS�M#�M�M ҦXiS��)L�)s�)d.2'�\&�Id"#�g+��&V����(��D$��� F@� `�� V6���A��t�]�Y��)[�GV�A��ِ�?�ך��*�s��b��҉� ZYU�\+�=�_�Jx��p����B��W؟���];�w��0�ԑ�=@�cO��]S����!���1*�X�K�WKnr�(�I�6Q�o�uMv^�uK`�5I ��B�=}�f���)��xY�ז�Zs\�f�}A�(*֕ O�S�ϴj��\K���� �������_�2O��ܖ�I�Rj3 wC)n�Y�MܲNq�!����VR,t#H�YՃ�UBq� q� q� 1G�C%f��X�"��8��s;�(DZ( )�0 �3$�wA�k"�:G\���s�o�(>=>](�\��X{��!!���E d�)G@lM�m�,$��2d 7j��?�,���[...
d��������V�xBӅ72�Q�'����Q�y~��.��3a+Z}�BYW G��<[��_�o�;R/A{��њ��sX�� x5�:9��u��>�L��v,�7*a,��h�:X��y2�����ƙY��O��Hs��Ə� o Aj;f�z�������DY���d B��1$�,D�V�Մ�ۊ����7�+8��Y8C�h�����kѐ�d2�Iʈ��%��V���E�#����@&����2e���0M��ia�3m�/��`6�5��[�7�wُ�/0�NJ�"��F���*�LtItY�!���V�ܾ�#�c:����|^���A��L��L�Q� oՠU&��z���h�x}'x�Uh��1J�ޡ�� ��+8-�%����"!$�$���QxM�q�%��B���C?���x _��h������e�3+���S�n�s G�g%8��(6���Ng�e-�� �I�Yv=��`�1�����jу�&��+�wD�����CčxY�;�{�g%�II��U*�����:`;�-���#YJ�^"�X��9�0��1� ��D����*�5 $3��TVG���H)�ϰ�� �X8"�"y�DRy��pS�&hō�6�7���:��a3�}3_H\ �lb�Lj�� Z�ǘT�n�D3��/�V&����`�+�6�gP�<�+���i�?�pn�2��p�|)��ڵ��`��a����ŅL��l"��l��}�_O����n��LF�d~ �~���E��>�L�UCGg��8��p��7g�Oy���pm*��e��Y��!� �T��=�Hǂ\"ֱ,�� ��ɢS|cs��Ʒ��(���W�����4�NT'����������&���� �D���|���� |a�. �R�V�`�w��ѿ�j����E�=f��W��*���������iÉ�{jj��C�F �?09 �RO�2Ԟ}(�@2B�N3� ���� 餌���1n�8��o&��'$h4�ע������fHaF��E� ������g�+����ɉ�A.�:�AưN"G<��O�\B� �$ He1:L��XvhD��i?s�f^��N�('; ��S\n�x�=�qxZZZ� �&^����CK|�qO.�O����j���C<���${�C{fsI����=�[���"���d�o;��:̺� ۩_�!Z����Q���Z�b��U�� � �WE��2� Y�R� � Urʠ�Pe+��]>��|T�Vb�h||=}||���Ho$��с*�/��$����ۋQEF8�NO���$���s ���W����~��#!�;q�CC�F��,}�Y��� �"-M@�Ta��R�'��vsM�,QM� !n�>���^!�� ��?B�BH��2T*�a��'�;��S¼s����u������a���'����*�ۯ��7��ޟ�fk-��7N�h�f�-���l}���+H4 �M�����؟ pN�� `��CÔ��$D��$#�$�c*:ɩ�Hw%/�D�%�q{�q�WE���^ �)����EE�Ŷ�M0|���/*��ܨ�|Ri\DDF�f�� N�FF(C%^��>�lSd��D�%'�fX��F%���f��Y#ý��慩4�3g�z.7���}/~{��<��ӥ�B�ٙ���� ȩ?,T-w]��3>!��rYm튣'/Y �5H��ܵk����U�Q�t�ĕӊ3= ^�Di��� 0l��40��Q���-u���6�%j�J�9�E���U8�1F.����6�M��� @F�&.(R�����r� N�<"��I�!�=00ZHl�"��͢E0&�^���/ �'��7p�����jԒ` ��A��(�xd��������{/�����^yC�ۧk�W��4"n`bC��/�~~�9)xP͵�5Q�e̢zpÂ����F�/��>�����^�}g� s�}!d7�d���A... ��(�Yx���|p9� �mcZ����[z�k��2�X���k����]�) #h��=�:KLt�)A):ڣm��,� =ɵ� tVU`��T[t��r]��Ė �p�*a�+[��n�P��RQ�.�z:���zҫ�}��K��^rkf�� ���U�g� �U�v��t�`�� ���I#�o����sUt����R���ݼj[Ìv�}U�j�k�����O�Ε��O9�jS/c��gRg���&:ڣ���ӹ;��:��St7�ﶻ�w�?�uE$Je�F��"�bm-�(xO�,]��.]��V���̇����,}����ڄ^� �iI9 M��"q�Y����$u5M�|��lrR�����y]��������w���!�Nqܘ*]Bb�:�&(������:e��y��fAh ��"�����L!���MG�r���_�⒚K;r~:y�u�v�ƒ~_�~8y�C�e V�����g]�ta��u�/0��_���k�+;�77~��W^�잙���T��6]۸�y�w�S��=�RtA�o�n篇���䒽3��JL`�\���(��D�����s�'?������U[Ξy�qE̛�C���}�`��fږ�%�Vx������Co��j��mm���"? �sa}�{?� �;qh���u�3�����������ZL�2���C����ї�־��kο��?�|���e�!ۗ�ð��P/�\�_"È�������μ�,���:�)O��0+�h�zdj >�t�,�NQl�ߜ�Xmo�����Ze���������h������N-X��E`� ��W%�!��D����>���z8��c���'�H�mV�����+x#�_��'c��ox��7���,z��^�qN����H�X��[�����b�k��L0%.�iyʒ��ϯ��&�� �xsd�ܗwi��y��{���jO���v>�������o-��ӳ��v�~2$7 %���8�yus�>���������K}�����]z�<��̌?NGuJ��8��BU�x�Јބ e��^�䶉Q����|�C���5�,8Ժ^��xz�[�"|��xM��=g77���怘����h?:��z��w~�j� ����N��͘_:`��1��6�d�� ��g^^:c�����4n����o:6��E�w�n��B���a�����3K�~��3���8Rt]sNڜ���IU����j�"��#_J�O\7o��YxX���k��,ڬyr[��G�_L;�g��d�3;�%�����z���ʹ�F��ʏO����=�Z����ܭі#.�m��}�pOX��0C�d�l��<�^��_��N��$�G�d�d�SǨ��#����i2Z��x��N?o:��.�dJ�i��} ��d�鋜\�M��������~k����{��ۗ]>篏?�\�v{�%��G���4��2?k�ģ�[���"W�y��q���t��S����?��a ?VV�^�s���N��uǿ�x�Asӯ�,s�[7>1om˵G���P0:��K;���cu�kt�v�/��qx��u���I��2�y��mxsyhܜ�Ծ��y���g�yɕG�>����W�k�ܰ��+�q�����ˏ�o���p�� ��BZ6��_�{|Ֆ��}�Ϙw���i�^R7��q �Ͷ��AX������aWuNj�zL�+��sn����3��l�� /�TIh*�L �ХHY�����( "� HSD�P��#E����M�+��^:"J]��{�g?��g?�9s23��y�����a���� ��V��p��H4|+y���=��m���5��Y$�&��z���\�������O h��&d��r��7��O�r�'�^cJs������퀩��h���VI�2)�)pՋ&�1���/4�f }[����� �I u.kpt�Vdߜ���>蜔�"�إx����J�V{�Ew o�B�^��p(�����ċd��~�&8)% !�Ĺ���c���Tp��V��4a46�������͏�EW+N��6,Z� <�cX��Ǽ��a�~�cT�X�^�����`a��BɎ���[zZLZ-����Qn��Ȕ) �1\i)��q]��F.@��y ��B|0�u��W�T1���� ��������G��_�i��&z>����J����8�m�e�RY�T�c#bZ�s-o(O�iv���u��҉�f��.$�T��B�Q($�&ੈ����B�%��a7X,ιP���>�K�l0b�Ng<=�����g-�Y7e�7���bb�;k���⃦F��M�{�좑�i�$����UCk��3�u��%�|;kR��w(�����s�zp-��������kq�_�+�ؤw��' �53��MqG��"����k-�0��8��_T��K�p�bJg��t܋����#ڦ��Ǥ�ԝ���ȯv��� �uR�}MK����5Ck��}a�����P2�}� �n��\l5>2}<@��w)N5���FP���eQ��c�ܬ���ꐍB#o%ל�0ż���xVY:�9�}�����Q��EeX�l���$ֳ�{�L"X��<$��!� ���7 8�/t�nQ���rK|�ַm�6�7��.��w���)��:��ʶ�d... 1=��� ���� endstream endobj 24 0 obj <>stream h�t�� �0�W��t�i�"�VWBd����p�[̭���������p�e � ny��-��E��wV��E��-I��X0|Z���f4�=�dl S=%�6�>��|oM���?_P���-j���EB���n��RuG(�0x���1( ������s��(� L�J� endstream endobj 25 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<7C44C04C809F1545AD35A24FAE409275>]/Info 296 0 R/Length 145/Root 298 0 R/Size 297/Type/XRef/W[1 3 1]>>stream h�bb&F�� L �... Start this free course now.
Just create an account and sign in. Enrol and complete the course for a free statement of participation or digital badge if available. Welcome to this free course, Effective communication in the workplace. The course lasts eight weeks, with approximately three hours of study each week. You can work through the course at your own pace, so if you have more time one week there is no problem with pushing on to complete another week’s study. You will be able to test your understanding of the course through the weekly interactive quizzes, of which Weeks 4 and 8 will provide you with an opportunity to earn a badge to demonstrate...
You can read more on how to study the course and about badges in the next sections. After completing this course, you will be able to: In the ‘Summary’ at the end of each week, you can find a link to the next week. If at any time you want to return to the start of the course, click on ‘Course content’. From here you can navigate to any part of the course. Alternatively, use the week links at the top of every page of the course.
You might be using an unsupported or outdated browser. To get the best possible experience please use the latest version of Chrome, Firefox, Safari, or Microsoft Edge to view this website. Ineffective workplace communication costs U.S. businesses $1.2 trillion annually, according to a report by Grammarly. Not surprisingly then, it is a top concern among businesses–including the most successful businesses. But getting communication right can be a challenge between people with varying backgrounds, vantage points, and cultures.
So the experts at Forbes Advisor detail the top tips for effective communication in the workplace to help. Communication in the workplace is the exchange of ideas and thoughts concerning work, but effective workplace communication is more than that. Effective communication is clear, and the receiver understands its purpose. So, both the sender and receiver of the message are satisfied. Effective communication in the workplace is not just relaying information to a team member, but explaining it in a way they understand. The receiver also focuses on gaining the entire meaning of the conversation and makes the other person feel heard and understood.
The exchange of ideas and information is done efficiently and effectively, enhancing collaboration on given tasks. So, teams can better come up with the required steps to achieve their goals. Anyone who has collaborated with colleagues on a group project knows just how hard it can be to share and receive ideas. To move the project along, it is essential for everyone to communicate. The same holds true even when you’re sending an e-mail to one coworker: Say the wrong thing, and you may damage or even jeopardize a key professional relationship. In part one of this series, Mastering the Basics of Communication, I shared strategies to improve how you communicate.
Here, I examine how to apply these techniques as you interact with colleagues and supervisors in the workplace. When it comes to figuring out how you communicate with others, you may want to indulge in some self-reflection. For example, are you an introvert who needs time to process and reflect, or an extrovert who wants to think out loud and get immediate feedback? Personality tests like the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) may be useful in evaluating your style and in understanding the styles of those around you. For instance, you will need to apply different approaches with decision makers who are described as “thinkers” or “feelers” in the MBTI. Thinkers are guided by cause-and-effect reasoning.
When communicating with thinkers, you will want to focus on the facts and logic. Feelers, on the other hand, are guided more by personal values. When engaging with feelers, you will want to appeal to those values and stress their impact on others. Language is powerful. It can shape workplace dynamics, particularly during difficult conversations that make or break team cohesion. Words can build bridges or walls, influencing not just the outcome of specific interactions but the overall culture of an organization.
In professional settings, where trust and a sense of belonging are the bedrock of productivity and innovation, carefully selecting words can foster a supportive environment or contribute to feelings of isolation. Understanding this delicate balance is essential for anyone looking to lead, collaborate, and thrive. Enter mindful communication—a balanced approach emphasizing awareness and intentionality in our interactions without veering into hypersensitivity or rigid dogmatism. This nuanced form of communication invites us to consider what we say and how we say it, recognizing that every word and phrase carries weight. This article explores several concepts of mindful communication so that our messages are understood in the spirit they were intended. When it comes to being more mindful in our communication, a good place to start is by paying attention to the effectiveness of the words we use.
Words can greatly impact the dynamics and outcomes of interactions—some are more effective than others at helping us communicate clearly and inclusively. Effective words act as clarity enhancers. They are the tools that help reduce ambiguity so all team members have a shared understanding of tasks, goals, and expectations. Precision in language is crucial in complex or fast-paced environments where misinterpretation can lead to costly mistakes or delays. Moreover, words that promote a sense of unity are invaluable in fostering a sense of belonging and respect among teams. These words acknowledge contributions, encourage inclusivity, and celebrate team achievements, ultimately enhancing cohesion and morale.
Many of the problems we encounter in the workplace are the result of poor communication. Whether we are frustrated by a lack of information from senior managers or worrying about how to break bad news to a colleague, communication is often at the root of the issue and the... By learning how to communicate more effectively, we can stop problems from escalating and make the workplace a more efficient and harmonious environment to be in. We can also present ourselves more positively, both to existing colleagues and future employers during the job application process. This free course, Effective communication in the workplace, explores the importance of communication as a skill in the workplace. It aims to increase your understanding of communication skills and to help you to consider how your communication could be perceived by others.
You'll cover areas such as verbal and non-verbal communication, written communication and using your communication skills in challenging and diverse situations. You'll also look at possible scenarios for communication in the future, ranging from remote working to virtual reality. Each week you'll have an opportunity to reflect on your own communication skills, setting goals to improve them. Watch the following video in which Lynne Johnson from the Careers Service at The Open University, who you'll hear from at the start of each week, introduces the course. Enrolling on the course will give you the opportunity to earn an Open University digital badge. Badges are not accredited by The Open University but they're a great way to demonstrate your interest in the subject and commitment to your career, and to provide evidence of continuing professional development.
People Also Search
- Effective Communication in the Workplace - Penn State Extension
- PDF Effective Communication in the Workplace - nacmnet.org
- Effective communication in the workplace: Introduction and guidance ...
- 10 Tips For Effective Communication In The Workplace - Forbes
- Tips to Improve Extension Professionals' Essential Competencies
- How to Communicate More Effectively in the Workplace
- PDF Effective Communication in the Workplace
- Effective Communication in the Workplace - Berkeley Exec Ed
- Benefits and Compensation - Penn State Extension
- Effective communication in the workplace - OpenLearn
Source: Https://pixabay.com/vectors/social-media-connections-networking-3846597/ Is In The Public Domain At Pixabay.com. Retrieved
Source: https://pixabay.com/vectors/social-media-connections-networking-3846597/ is in the Public Domain at Pixabay.com. Retrieved 07.05.2022. Effective workplace communication helps maintain the quality of working relationships and positively affects employees' well-being. This article discusses the benefits of practicing effective communication in the workplace and provides strategies for worker...
Effective Communication Is A Two-way Process That Requires Both Sender
Effective communication is a two-way process that requires both sender and receiver efforts. We summarized research works and guidelines for good communication in the workplace proposed by Cheney (2011), Keyton (2011), Tourish (2010), and Lunenburg (2010). Effective communication practices are essential for any successful team and organization. Organizational communication helps to disseminate imp...
?W0QULTz�z�s�c�r�U��Ό52�2c9��ҽ ��K�?K��LZ�I�=��)=�ԥ���.�IOud�Tgs;=Uz�PRy�T-J�E�����,�3)Ag�\�2�5�G/�ދ������쪤��mr�s����`���5>�q����%��j�% ��8��C��0l�̛�&�{���dRtL��b���,�C�~� B�UX�q?���+d'�8���(Z�tY?�d9��C�6|���j�e-�8]>}xO>}�D���U���T����vޣse�۟Ǒ�J��_�Oh�G��}!!�����S�xb|x�Ι��9�s\'?˅��e��F�U�d"�'���rJ��G�L�P�0sb�Q�f]�� ��e�R1-Ϊ�D��R�Y��,A�uN�Ѵ�ɿ�dD�����(�с +p`k�_ ��A}3�7g�eV�kjѕ�2����I���W�ʜ�'�f�Ō�_�y���)�Ѵ�:��I���g�QSl��ګ�"k�5[X&mot\~o���۟2c{�תr*���^�od鹜��`(Q[�<^UUHgwys��w��?U[L�*�h��<sn�f�h�MZ�{�'�re2S�4�Ɋ_��"�t�is>o���M�ҏ���#��>����WzSMo�����g��X��N�7U0�Uя���8���ej��Κ+�no�c�>�Ӎ���I��Ti�7����Y�%U����puc�2�k�F���r�ts��y1g��ٮTZ���1'�ۊO�qyI��n�w<���ʹ�����m�J����t>��U�h] MuC:CS9���*�%{�Z�%j�3����XՎ�������DE�:���?�ǒL�ڊ ��r.'����5U[OO����u��5�S�����%���������6������=3� ;��V�������.��=�D�JZg7�Z���2��:�����;���*�Q[s:����&��5��)��d�4
?W0QULTz�z�s�c�r�U��Ό52�2c9��ҽ ��K�?K��LZ�I�=��)=�ԥ���.�IOud�Tgs;=Uz�PRy�T-J�E�����,�3)Ag�\�2�5�G/�ދ������쪤��mr�s����`���5>�q����%��j�% ��8��C��0l�̛�&�{���dRtL��b���,�C�~� B�UX�q?���+d'�8���(Z�tY?�d9��C�6|���j�e-�8]>}xO>}�D���U���T����vޣse�۟Ǒ�J��_�Oh�G��}!!�����S�xb|x�Ι��9�s\'?˅��e��F�U�d"�'���rJ��G�L�P�0sb�Q�f]�� ��e�R1-Ϊ�D��R�Y��,A�uN�Ѵ�ɿ�dD�����(�с +p`k�_ ��A}3�7g...
P�[ ��аi �#v�U���RF�؛�q��b_T�gyr_��J5 _hxV���]V��N7���C������"i M�S��a�Y�ĩ�&-S����m;��&�LjJ�d�N�c�����_ Ƚ�<ȷ�of䨂}]�;*�. �4P䙵<�è���x��4��9��� �H�i�G��L��#��^������]�s�k =W���ss㿆=(�����4ģ˱�:lF�h�4@�'�5E_;<�\ɑ#���ؘ%m�8[�,�N!-YK��~c�+s_ #^
P�[ ��аi �#v�U���RF�؛�q��b_T�gyr_��J5 _hxV���]V��N7���C������"i m�S��a�Y�ĩ�&-S����m;��&�LjJ�d�N�c�����_ Ƚ�<ȷ�of䨂}]�;*�. �4P䙵<�è���x��4��9��� �H�i�G��L��#��^������]�s�k =W���ss㿆=(�����4ģ˱�:lF�h�4@�'�5E_;<�\ɑ#���ؘ%m�8[�,�N!-YK��~c�+s_ #^ �f�1�,�C=��ۧ~�C��q"Cx}�� ��e1��8�:�qJ��fԌ-˅3P�цMڽ��Fk���6ZӁ:���70�9��G�r��a6B�8���l ��Fl�� ����VC�c�T�(E]O�...
D��������V�xBӅ72�Q�'����Q�y~��.��3a+Z}�BYW G��<[��_�o�;R/A{��њ��sX�� x5�:9��u��>�L��v,�7*a,��h�:X��y2�����ƙY��O��Hs��Ə� O Aj;f�z�������DY���d B��1$�,D�V�Մ�ۊ����7�+8��Y8C�h�����kѐ�d2�Iʈ��%��V���E�#����@&����2e���0M��ia�3m�/��`6�5��[�7�wُ�/0�NJ�"��F���*�LtItY�!���V�ܾ�#�c:����|^���A��L��L�Q� OՠU&��z���h�x}'x�Uh��1J�ޡ�� ��+8-�%����"!$�$���QxM�q�%��B���C?���x _��h������e�3+���S�n�s G�g%8��(6���Ng�e-��
d��������V�xBӅ72�Q�'����Q�y~��.��3a+Z}�BYW G��<[��_�o�;R/A{��њ��sX�� x5�:9��u��>�L��v,�7*a,��h�:X��y2�����ƙY��O��Hs��Ə� o Aj;f�z�������DY���d B��1$�,D�V�Մ�ۊ����7�+8��Y8C�h�����kѐ�d2�Iʈ��%��V���E�#����@&����2e���0M��ia�3m�/��`6�5��[�7�wُ�/0�NJ�"��F���*�LtItY�!���V�ܾ�#�c:����|^���A��L��L�Q� oՠU&��z���h�x}'x�Uh��1J�ޡ�� ��+8-�%����"!$�$���QxM�q�%��B���C?...