Down Ranking Polarizing Content Lowers Emotional Inkl
Reducing the visibility of polarizing content in social media feeds can measurably lower partisan animosity. To come up with this finding, my colleagues and I developed a method that let us alter the ranking of people’s feeds, previously something only the social media companies could do. Reranking social media feeds to reduce exposure to posts expressing anti-democratic attitudes and partisan animosity affected people’s emotions and their views of people with opposing political views. I’m a computer scientist who studies social computing, artificial intelligence and the web. Because only social media platforms can modify their algorithms, we developed and released an open-source web tool that allowed us to rerank the feeds of consenting participants on X, formerly Twitter, in real time. Drawing on social science theory, we used a large language model to identify posts likely to polarize people, such as those advocating political violence or calling for the imprisonment of members of the opposing...
These posts were not removed; they were simply ranked lower, requiring users to scroll further to see them. This reduced the number of those posts users saw. We ran this experiment for 10 days in the weeks before the 2024 U.S. presidential election. We found that reducing exposure to polarizing content measurably improved participants’ feelings toward people from the opposing party and reduced their negative emotions while scrolling their feed. Importantly, these effects were similar across political affiliations, suggesting that the intervention benefits users regardless of their political party.
Assistant Professor of Computer Science, Johns Hopkins University This research was partially supported by a Hoffman-Yee grant from the Stanford Institute for Human-Centered Artificial Intelligence. Reducing the visibility of polarizing content in social media feeds can measurably lower partisan animosity. To come up with this finding, my colleagues and I developed a method that let us alter the ranking of people’s feeds, previously something only the social media companies could do. Reranking social media feeds to reduce exposure to posts expressing anti-democratic attitudes and partisan animosity affected people’s emotions and their views of people with opposing political views. I’m a computer scientist who studies social computing, artificial intelligence and the web.
Because only social media platforms can modify their algorithms, we developed and released an open-source web tool that allowed us to rerank the feeds of consenting participants on X, formerly Twitter, in real time. Communications Psychology volume 3, Article number: 11 (2025) Cite this article The generation and distribution of hyper-partisan content on social media has gained millions of exposure across platforms, often allowing malevolent actors to influence and disrupt democracies. The spread of this content is facilitated by real users’ engaging with it on platforms. The current study tests the efficacy of an ‘inoculation’ intervention via six online survey-based experiments in the UK and US. Experiments 1–3 (total N = 3276) found that the inoculation significantly reduced self-reported engagement with polarising stimuli.
However, Experiments 4–6 (total N = 1878) found no effects on participants’ self-produced written text discussing the topic. The implications of these findings are discussed in the context of the literature on polarisation and previous interventions to reduce engagement with disinformation. In the last few decades, political polarisation has grown in numerous countries worldwide1,2,3. Of particular concern is the rise in affective polarisation, that is the disparity between feelings of warmth towards political in-groups versus political out-groups4. This concept of affective polarisation is rooted in Social Identity Theory5, which posits that humans are naturally inclined to categorise themselves and others into in-groups and out-groups, with greater salience of these identities encouraging... However, rather than observing any great increase in in-group warmth, instead researchers have noted declining warmth towards political foes, or a growth in so called negative partisanship6.
The rise in affective polarisation may in part be driven by our increased dependence upon social media for news gathering and the explosion in the number of hyper-partisan outlets (e.g. Breitbart) that create and spread hyper-partisan content on social media7,8,9,10. Much of this content could be classed as disinformation, the deliberate creation and distribution of false or manipulated information7,8,11. Creators of such content have varied objectives, including monetisation of the sharing of sensationalist or partisan news, but often there is an incentive to influence and reduce trust in democratic processes by increasing group... Indeed, exposure to partisan reporting that is critical of those out-groups has been found to decrease ratings of trust and liking of those groups, feeding into negative partisanship6,16. The full scale of the problem has become clearer over the last decade.
For example, investigations into the reach of foreign disinformation operations, including the internet research agency based in St Petersburg, have found hundreds of millions of exposures to disinforming and hyper-partisan posts on Twitter and... ���u4�|��"� ���|!����;d?i[)d�D-u�|,� /���.��T� d �V��Cw��}����D�㳀{��'���^�mx>'I$� "#hg:�n�f�[��8���^���f����q�9��*%rJ6���!x^&F�D���8�����!z����_]��� n���9��XIO2���Ԓyd)���#�ɻ�ZD��dz���s/�}����w K��T�D*"#�E~���%0�a!��#�G�#|N�i"=1�#Nn�g>���?�˨�,a��Q�,<'�"�W�w���o��ui�,�e�5��H��9�pq�� W���I8�k���Qb@�%�.��53�L"����"��<������9�}6R���n4��������x[M[�q�+������q]��\%W��ss�5\�{���;�]�~�G�u��O�}���Ϗ�g������Q�[*��f�UX��j�����+�+�;��4Uh�`;��G����+��=4�O�+�;hϣa7�����d�����Uoڛ��y��5��^������ �I�{�6U<�,F�h�������� d>=�2@3Q~7J^�2y?���N5�(|�눝�ҧ��h/�}� �p� �tr;l���K�h�7�g�/��,�3'�1���<�}?7�~������d?�l2���pUtnQuQ�țt"�H�H P��VҁpB<,"��z�9�̄#�>����/p���PR�+�vX��0W���'�## �g����x� Ы�B��W�n�E�@�q��\�v1=�z|֢��т&����;Т*�a� �z���P)?�� 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Reducing The Visibility Of Polarizing Content In Social Media Feeds
Reducing the visibility of polarizing content in social media feeds can measurably lower partisan animosity. To come up with this finding, my colleagues and I developed a method that let us alter the ranking of people’s feeds, previously something only the social media companies could do. Reranking social media feeds to reduce exposure to posts expressing anti-democratic attitudes and partisan ani...
These Posts Were Not Removed; They Were Simply Ranked Lower,
These posts were not removed; they were simply ranked lower, requiring users to scroll further to see them. This reduced the number of those posts users saw. We ran this experiment for 10 days in the weeks before the 2024 U.S. presidential election. We found that reducing exposure to polarizing content measurably improved participants’ feelings toward people from the opposing party and reduced the...
Assistant Professor Of Computer Science, Johns Hopkins University This Research
Assistant Professor of Computer Science, Johns Hopkins University This research was partially supported by a Hoffman-Yee grant from the Stanford Institute for Human-Centered Artificial Intelligence. Reducing the visibility of polarizing content in social media feeds can measurably lower partisan animosity. To come up with this finding, my colleagues and I developed a method that let us alter the r...
Because Only Social Media Platforms Can Modify Their Algorithms, We
Because only social media platforms can modify their algorithms, we developed and released an open-source web tool that allowed us to rerank the feeds of consenting participants on X, formerly Twitter, in real time. Communications Psychology volume 3, Article number: 11 (2025) Cite this article The generation and distribution of hyper-partisan content on social media has gained millions of exposur...
However, Experiments 4–6 (total N = 1878) Found No Effects
However, Experiments 4–6 (total N = 1878) found no effects on participants’ self-produced written text discussing the topic. The implications of these findings are discussed in the context of the literature on polarisation and previous interventions to reduce engagement with disinformation. In the last few decades, political polarisation has grown in numerous countries worldwide1,2,3. Of particula...